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Lawrance Arthur Collingwood CBE (14 March 1887 – 19 December 1982) was an English conductor, composer and record producer. ==Career== Collingwood was born in London and attended Westminster Choir School, beginning his musical career as a choirboy at Westminster Abbey from 1897-1902.〔Walker, Malcolm. Lawrance Collingwood. ''Classical Recordings Quarterly.'' Summer 2014, No 77, p39-44.〕 Around 1903 he attended High Wycombe Royal Grammar School.〔'The Wycombiensian', September 1957, page 360 - the school magazine of the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe: "D.J. Watson (1903-09)... wondered whether he was the Lance Collingwood who was at the R.G.S. when Watson entered in 1903. It was the same person... L.A. Collingwood, a Westminster Abbey choirboy, was sent to the school by Sir Frederick Bridge, the Abbey organist and a brother-in-law of Mr. G.J. Peachell, then headmaster of the school." Lance was perhaps his school nickname.〕 Appointed organist at St Thomas's Hospital and then at All Saints, Gospel Oak,〔 he studied at the Guildhall School of Music and Exeter College, Oxford (1907–1911).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bach Cantatas )〕 In the autumn of 1911 he went to Russia and enrolled at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory where he studied under Alexander Glazunov, Maximilian Steinberg and Nikolai Tcherepnin.〔 After graduating Collingwood returned to England in 1918 to begin military service but went back to Russia and worked for some years as assistant conductor to Albert Coates at the Saint Petersburg Opera.〔 He also conducted at the Mariinsky Theatre. He also served as interpreter for Winston Churchill's expedition in support of White Russian forces in Northern Russia (1918-1919).〔http://www.naxos.com/person/Lawrance_Collingwood/30438.htm〕 His two piano sonatas, which show the influence of Alexander Scriabin, were published in Saint Petersburg.〔 In England, he built his reputation at first as a composer: his ''Symphonic Poem'' (1918) was presented by the Royal College of Music; he himself conducted its professional premiere at the Queen's Hall in 1922, and the work was later published.〔 In 1920 Lilian Baylis appointed Collingwood as the chorus master for her opera company at the Old Vic in London. Despite the poor conditions he preserved and made a significant contribution to the improved musical standards at the company.〔 He conducted opera at the Old Vic and Sadler's Wells Theatre, becoming principal conductor at Sadler's Wells in 1931. His steady hand did much to establish Sadler's Wells as a viable alternative to Covent Garden.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=All Music Guide to Classical Music, edited by Chris Woodstra, Gerald Brennan and Allen Schrott, produced by All Media Guide, LLC, and published by Backbeat Books )〕 He gave early British performances of operas by Mussorgsky and Rimsky-Korsakov.〔 His own first opera, ''Macbeth'', was presented there under his own direction on 12 April 1934, with Joan Cross singing Lady Macbeth.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Britten-Pears Library: Joan Cross Papers )〕 Music from the opera had already been played in the Queen's Hall on 10 November 1927 and it would be revived in Hammersmith in 1970.〔 A recording of excerpts from Collingwood conducting ''Lohengrin'' during his Sadler's Wells years survives, with Henry Wendon in the title role, plus Joan Cross and Constance Willis, offering an example his work at the time.〔 In January 1934, he conducted the London Symphony Orchestra in a recording of the Triumphal March from ''Caractacus'' and the ''Woodland Interlude'' by Sir Edward Elgar, supervised by the composer himself by telephone from his sickbed before his death a month later.〔Jerrold Northrop Moore ''Edward Elgar: A Creative Life'': pp. 821-22〕 Collingwood made his debut at the Royal Opera House in December 1936 with Humperdinck's Hänsel und Gretel.〔 He conducted Sadler's Wells Opera around the UK during the Second World War in stressful and primitive conditions, and retired from the company in 1946.〔 He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1948.〔 Although most of his professional life was spent in Britain, Collingwood travelled to Berlin to supervise recordings by Menuhin and Furtwängler, and to oversee the 1956 ''Meistersinger'' conducted by Kempe. In 1950 and the following year he played a key role in recordings involving Casals, first in Prades then in Perpignan.〔 His second opera, ''The Death of Tintagiles'', set to Alfred Sutro's translation of Maurice Maeterlinck's drama, was premiered on 16 April 1950. His other compositions include a piano concerto and a piano quartet.〔 Lawrance Collingwood brought many foreign operas to the British stage for the first time.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Central Opera Service Bulletin )〕 His premieres as a conductor included: * on 30 September 1935 at Sadler's Wells, the first performance outside Russia of either of Modest Mussorgsky's two original versions of ''Boris Godunov''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Prokofiev's Recording of his Third Piano Concerto )〕 It was sung to an English translation by M. D. Calvocoressi〔Grove's Dictionary, 5th ed.: Boris Godunov〕 * on 9 April 1946, the first professional performance of Ralph Vaughan Williams' opera ''Sir John in Love''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rob Wilton Theatricalia )〕 Nikolai Medtner dedicated his song ''The Raven'' to Lawrance Collingwood. Collingwood died in Killin, Perthshire, Scotland on 19 December 1982, aged 95.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lawrance Collingwood」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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